The 1986 Volkswagen Vanagon, a descendant of the iconic Type 2 bus, continued its legacy as a versatile and beloved vehicle. Produced from 1979 to 1991, this rear-engined van offered a utilitarian yet charming body style. Key trims often included the standard Passenger Van and the more camper-oriented Westfalia models. Its enduring popularity stems from its spacious interior, quirky design, and the adventurous spirit it evokes, making it a cult classic for road trips and customized builds.
The Good
The Vanagon boasts a unique, boxy design that maximizes interior space. Its surprisingly comfortable ride and go-anywhere versatility appeal to adventurers, while its robust construction and simple mechanics offer practical reliability for those who appreciate a straightforward vehicle.
The Bad
Potential buyers should be aware of common issues like rust, particularly around wheel arches and sills. Engine cooling system problems and gearbox wear are also frequent concerns. Older examples may also suffer from interior wear and tear.
1986 Volkswagen Vanagon: Quick Overview
- Engine Options: For 1986, the Vanagon was primarily equipped with Volkswagen's 2.1-liter Wasserboxer (water-cooled) inline-four engine. Earlier models might have featured the 1.9-liter air-cooled engine, but the 1986 model year predominantly uses the 2.1L.
- Horsepower: The 2.1-liter engine typically produced around 95 horsepower.
- Fuel Economy: Fuel economy for the Vanagon is not its strong suit, often averaging in the range of 15-18 miles per gallon (MPG) in combined city and highway driving. This can vary significantly based on driving style and load.
- 0-60 Times: Acceleration was never a Vanagon highlight. Expect 0-60 mph times to be in the 15-20 second range, or even longer, depending on the specific configuration and engine condition.
- Towing Capacity: While not designed as a dedicated tow vehicle, the Vanagon generally has a towing capacity of around 1,000 to 2,000 pounds, depending on the specific model and configuration. This is typically sufficient for small trailers or utility trailers.
- Trim-Level Features:
- Standard Passenger Van: Offered basic seating for multiple passengers, with functional interior space. Features would include simple vinyl or cloth upholstery, basic climate control, and a straightforward dashboard layout.
- Westfalia Camper: This highly sought-after trim transformed the Vanagon into a compact camper. Key features included a pop-top roof for standing room and sleeping, a small kitchenette with a sink, a stove, and a refrigerator, fold-down rear seats that converted into a bed, and often auxiliary batteries and power outlets.
- Carat (Luxury Trim): Less common, but some models offered a Carat trim with more upscale interior materials, improved sound systems, and enhanced comfort features.
1986 Volkswagen Vanagon Specifications
Vehicle Information
| Year | 1986 |
| Make | Volkswagen |
| Model | Vanagon |
| Trim | - |
| Style | - |
| Type | Wagon |
| Category | Bus |
Manufacturing Details
| Made In | Germany |
| Manufacturing City | HANNOVER |
Dimensions
| Doors | 4-Door |
| Curb Weight | - |
| Gross Vehicle Weight Rating | - |
| Overall Height | - |
| Overall Length | - |
| Overall Width | - |
| Wheelbase Length | - |
| Standard Seating | - |
Engine & Performance
| Engine | 2.1-L L-4 OHV 8V |
| Engine Size | 2.1L |
| Engine Cylinders | 4 |
| Transmission | Automatic |
| Transmission Type | Automatic |
| Transmission Speeds | - |
| Drivetrain | Rear-Wheel Drive |
Additional Features
| Anti-Brake System | - |
| Steering Type | - |
Pricing
| Manufacturer Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) | - |
| Invoice Price | - |
| Delivery Charges | - |
Vehicle History Report
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Analysis
What Problems Does the 1986 Volkswagen Vanagon Have?
The 1986 Volkswagen Vanagon, like many vehicles of its era, is susceptible to a range of issues that owners frequently report. One of the most prevalent concerns revolves around the cooling system, particularly with the 2.1-liter Wasserboxer engine. Overheating is a common ailment due to the engine's rear placement and the complexity of the coolant lines. Leaks in the numerous coolant hoses and the radiator itself are quite common, often leading to costly repairs if not addressed promptly. The engine head gaskets can also be a point of failure.
Rust is another significant long-term reliability concern. The Vanagon is notorious for developing rust, especially in areas prone to moisture, such as the lower body panels, wheel arches, rocker panels, and around the windshield. Extensive rust can compromise the structural integrity of the vehicle and lead to expensive restoration work.
The manual transmissions, while generally robust, can experience wear over time, with synchro issues and clutch wear being common. Automatic transmissions can also be prone to failure, especially in higher mileage examples.
Electrical gremlins are also frequently reported. The wiring harnesses can degrade over time, leading to intermittent issues with lights, gauges, and other electrical components. This can be particularly frustrating to diagnose and repair.
While there weren't specific widespread recalls that dramatically impacted the 1986 model year over others in the Vanagon line, general maintenance and proactive attention to known weak points are crucial for long-term reliability. Owners who are diligent with maintenance, particularly regarding the cooling system and rust prevention, tend to have more reliable experiences. However, the age of these vehicles means that regular repairs and maintenance are almost a certainty, regardless of model year specifics.
Rust is another significant long-term reliability concern. The Vanagon is notorious for developing rust, especially in areas prone to moisture, such as the lower body panels, wheel arches, rocker panels, and around the windshield. Extensive rust can compromise the structural integrity of the vehicle and lead to expensive restoration work.
The manual transmissions, while generally robust, can experience wear over time, with synchro issues and clutch wear being common. Automatic transmissions can also be prone to failure, especially in higher mileage examples.
Electrical gremlins are also frequently reported. The wiring harnesses can degrade over time, leading to intermittent issues with lights, gauges, and other electrical components. This can be particularly frustrating to diagnose and repair.
While there weren't specific widespread recalls that dramatically impacted the 1986 model year over others in the Vanagon line, general maintenance and proactive attention to known weak points are crucial for long-term reliability. Owners who are diligent with maintenance, particularly regarding the cooling system and rust prevention, tend to have more reliable experiences. However, the age of these vehicles means that regular repairs and maintenance are almost a certainty, regardless of model year specifics.
How long will the 1986 Volkswagen Vanagon last?
Estimating average mileage for a 1986 Volkswagen Vanagon is challenging due to their cult status and use as camper vans, often accumulating high mileage over many years. However, well-maintained examples can comfortably exceed 200,000 miles, with some owners reporting well over 300,000 miles. The long-term durability is heavily contingent on meticulous maintenance, particularly of the cooling system and preventative rust treatments. The engine and drivetrain are generally robust if properly cared for, but wear and tear on components like seals, hoses, and suspension are inevitable with age. The chassis can last indefinitely with rust protection, but significant body rust is a major weakness that can shorten a vehicle's service life considerably.
What Technology & Safety Features are Included?
The 1986 Volkswagen Vanagon, being a product of its time, offers a rather rudimentary approach to technology, entertainment, and safety. Built-in tech is largely absent by modern standards. Entertainment typically consisted of an optional AM/FM radio, with some higher trims potentially offering an optional cassette player. The dashboard was functional, featuring basic analog gauges for speed, RPM, fuel level, and engine temperature. There were no digital displays or advanced infotainment systems.
Driver-assistance features were non-existent. Systems like ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), traction control, or electronic stability control were not available on this model year. The focus was on mechanical simplicity rather than electronic aids.
Safety features were also quite basic. Standard equipment typically included three-point seatbelts in the front, lap belts in the rear, and crumple zones designed into the body structure. The steering column was designed to collapse in a frontal impact. For a vehicle of its era, it offered a reasonable level of passive safety, but it lacks the active safety systems that are commonplace today.
Optional features would have been limited, mainly concerning comfort and utility. These could include air conditioning, power steering (though some models might have had manual steering), upgraded upholstery, and for the Westfalia models, the comprehensive camper amenities like a refrigerator, stove, and sink.
Crash-test ratings for vehicles from the mid-1980s are not as readily available or as standardized as they are today. Volkswagen vehicles of this era generally performed moderately in safety tests. However, the Vanagon's boxy, upright design and rear-engine layout presented unique challenges in crash dynamics compared to contemporary sedans. Specific official crash-test data for the 1986 Vanagon from organizations like the NHTSA or IIHS is scarce.
Driver-assistance features were non-existent. Systems like ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), traction control, or electronic stability control were not available on this model year. The focus was on mechanical simplicity rather than electronic aids.
Safety features were also quite basic. Standard equipment typically included three-point seatbelts in the front, lap belts in the rear, and crumple zones designed into the body structure. The steering column was designed to collapse in a frontal impact. For a vehicle of its era, it offered a reasonable level of passive safety, but it lacks the active safety systems that are commonplace today.
Optional features would have been limited, mainly concerning comfort and utility. These could include air conditioning, power steering (though some models might have had manual steering), upgraded upholstery, and for the Westfalia models, the comprehensive camper amenities like a refrigerator, stove, and sink.
Crash-test ratings for vehicles from the mid-1980s are not as readily available or as standardized as they are today. Volkswagen vehicles of this era generally performed moderately in safety tests. However, the Vanagon's boxy, upright design and rear-engine layout presented unique challenges in crash dynamics compared to contemporary sedans. Specific official crash-test data for the 1986 Vanagon from organizations like the NHTSA or IIHS is scarce.
What Colors Options are Available?
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1986 Volkswagen Vanagon Prices and Market Value
When new in 1986, a Volkswagen Vanagon could range from approximately $15,000 for a base passenger van to upwards of $25,000-$30,000 for a fully equipped Westfalia camper model. Today, the used market for the 1986 Vanagon is highly varied. Well-maintained, low-mileage examples, especially Westfalia campers in excellent condition, can command prices from $20,000 to $50,000 or even more due to their cult status and demand for camper conversions. More common, higher-mileage or project vehicles might be found for $5,000 to $15,000. The Vanagon has defied typical depreciation; instead, it has appreciated significantly in value, particularly sought-after trims. Factors influencing resale value include condition, mileage, original documentation, the presence of camper amenities, and any tasteful modifications or recent upgrades.
1986 Volkswagen Vanagon Cost of Ownership
Owning a 1986 Volkswagen Vanagon is generally not economical in terms of day-to-day running costs. Fuel consumption, around 15-18 MPG, is relatively poor by modern standards. Maintenance and repair costs can be significant due to the age and the specialized nature of some parts and labor. While insurance can be reasonable for a classic vehicle, specialized policies might be required. The primary cost driver is repairs, especially for cooling system issues, rust, and engine/transmission work. It is a vehicle that requires a dedicated owner willing to invest time and money, making it more costly than economical to own.
1986 Volkswagen Vanagon Fuel Efficiency
Fuel Type
Gasoline
Fuel Capacity
-
City Mileage
-
Highway Mileage
-
1986 Volkswagen Vanagon Recalls & Defects
Equipment:appliance:air Conditioner
Recall date
1993-10-29
Recall no.
93v175000
Source
NHTSA
Summary
THE Plastic Material OF THE Center AIR Flow Duct, Which IS Fastened BY Two Mounting Screws TO THE Ceiling OF THE Passenger Compartment, CAN Crack and Eventually Break.
Consequence
IF THE Plastic Breaks Where IT IS Held AT THE Twomounting Screws, THE Center AIR Flow Duct CAN Separate From ITS Supports Andcause Injury TO THE Passengers Sitting IN THE Center Seat OF THE Vehicle.
Remedy
Dealers Will Install A Reinforcement Plate AT THE Connections OF Both THE Center and Rear AIR Flow Ducts.
Notes
System: AIR Conditioner Hose; Duct; Air.vehicle Description: Vans Equipped With Factory AIR Conditioning.
Fuel System, Gasoline:delivery:fuel Pump
Recall date
1988-03-23
Recall no.
88v038000
Source
NHTSA
Summary
IN Line Fuel Filter Located Between THE Fuel Tank and Fuel Pump Could Seep Fuel AT THE Seam OF THE Plastic Casing.
Consequence
Should Seepage Occur, Leaking Fuel CAN Cause A Risk Offire IN THE Presence OF AN Ignition Source.
Remedy
THE IN Line Fuel Filter Will BE Replaced With A Straight Fuel Hose.
Notes
System: Fuel IN Line Filter.vehicle Description: Van Type Vehicles.
Fuel System, Gasoline:storage:tank Assembly:filler Pipe and CAP
Recall date
1987-04-14
Recall no.
87v051000
Source
NHTSA
Summary
Fuel Tank Filler Neck Pipe MAY NOT Seat Properly IN THE Fuel Tank Opening. Also, THE Sending Unit Cover MAY BE Deformed.
Consequence
Fuel Could Escape, Creating THE Potential FOR A Fire.
Remedy
Install A Redesigned Filler Neck Pipe and Replace THE Sending Unit Gasket.
Notes
System: Fuel Tank.vehicle Description: Van Type Vehicles.
Fuel System, Gasoline:storage:tank Assembly
Recall date
1987-04-14
Recall no.
87v052000
Source
NHTSA
Summary
Usage OF Fuel With Reid Pressure UP TO 14 PSI Could, Under High Engine Load and High Ambient Temperatures, Lead TO Stalling.
Consequence
Fuel Flow Could Become Restricted and Cause THE Engineto Stall.
Remedy
Install A NEW Fuel Tank, Containing A Redesigned Fuel Filter, AS Well AS Modified Control Units.
Notes
System: Fuel Tank.vehicle Description: Van Type Vehicles.
1986 Volkswagen Vanagon Warranty
Basic
Original warranty
0 months / No data
Estimated remaining
Expired
Powertrain
Original warranty
0 months / No data
Estimated remaining
Expired
Rust
Original warranty
0 months / No data
Estimated remaining
Expired
1986 Volkswagen Vanagon Insurance
Insurance for a 1986 Volkswagen Vanagon is moderately priced, reflecting its status as a Wagon with strong safety ratings and
reasonable repair costs.
reasonable repair costs.
How Does the 1986 Volkswagen Vanagon Compare to Other Wagon?
In the 1986 landscape, the Volkswagen Vanagon occupied a unique niche, often competing loosely with larger minivans like the Dodge Caravan and Plymouth Voyager, or more rugged utility vehicles. In terms of performance, the Vanagon lagged considerably behind contemporary minivans, which offered more powerful engines and quicker acceleration. Features in the Vanagon were basic, whereas minivans of the era started offering more creature comforts, power accessories, and even early forms of entertainment like VCRs.
Reliability is where the Vanagon presents a mixed bag. While its mechanical simplicity can be an advantage for DIY repairs, its known weaknesses like cooling system issues and rust can be more problematic than the more mainstream electrical and powertrain issues found in American minivans. However, when well-maintained, Vanagons are known for their durability. Price-wise, a new Vanagon was often more expensive than its domestic minivan counterparts, especially the Westfalia camper versions which were luxury vehicles for their intended use.
Alternatives:
* Similar: If the goal is a van-like experience with camper potential, older Toyota Van (only available in specific markets), or custom-built vans based on other chassis could be considered. However, few directly replicate the Vanagon's specific charm and rear-engine layout.
* Better Performance/Features (less character): For a more modern and reliable family hauler with better performance and features, a contemporary minivan like the Chrysler Minivan, Ford Aerostar, or Chevrolet Lumina APV would offer a smoother ride, more power, and a wider array of creature comforts. However, they lack the Vanagon's iconic status and off-road/camping capability.
* Better Reliability (less character): For sheer reliability and practicality in a van form factor, a used Toyota Previa or a later model European van like a Mercedes-Benz Vito could be considered, though they offer a very different driving experience and aesthetic.
Reliability is where the Vanagon presents a mixed bag. While its mechanical simplicity can be an advantage for DIY repairs, its known weaknesses like cooling system issues and rust can be more problematic than the more mainstream electrical and powertrain issues found in American minivans. However, when well-maintained, Vanagons are known for their durability. Price-wise, a new Vanagon was often more expensive than its domestic minivan counterparts, especially the Westfalia camper versions which were luxury vehicles for their intended use.
Alternatives:
* Similar: If the goal is a van-like experience with camper potential, older Toyota Van (only available in specific markets), or custom-built vans based on other chassis could be considered. However, few directly replicate the Vanagon's specific charm and rear-engine layout.
* Better Performance/Features (less character): For a more modern and reliable family hauler with better performance and features, a contemporary minivan like the Chrysler Minivan, Ford Aerostar, or Chevrolet Lumina APV would offer a smoother ride, more power, and a wider array of creature comforts. However, they lack the Vanagon's iconic status and off-road/camping capability.
* Better Reliability (less character): For sheer reliability and practicality in a van form factor, a used Toyota Previa or a later model European van like a Mercedes-Benz Vito could be considered, though they offer a very different driving experience and aesthetic.
Final Verdict: Is the 1986 Volkswagen Vanagon a Good Wagon?
The 1986 Volkswagen Vanagon is ideal for adventurous individuals or couples who prioritize character, versatility, and a unique road trip experience over outright performance and cutting-edge technology. It's perfect for those with mechanical aptitude or access to a trusted mechanic specializing in older Volkswagens. It's worth buying, but only under specific conditions. A used Westfalia camper in good, rust-free condition is the most desirable, but expect to pay a premium. A meticulously maintained passenger van can also be a great platform for customization. Avoid vehicles with significant rust or evidence of neglected cooling system maintenance. If you're looking for a simple, reliable daily driver, this is likely not the vehicle for you. It's a lifestyle choice, not just a mode of transport.
Drew B
Drew is a seasoned automotive expert and contributor to VinCheck.info. With nearly 15 years of experience as a former Porsche technician, he brings a wealth of hands-on knowledge to his writing. Born in North Carolina, a region renowned for its deep-rooted NASCAR culture, Drew developed a passion for cars early in life, often building and working on vehicles from a young age. At VINCheck, Drew leverages his extensive technical background to provide in-depth analyses of various vehicles. His articles often focus on engine performance, reliability, and maintenance insights, offering readers practical information grounded in real-world experience. Some of his notable contributions include reviews on the Mazda CX-5's longevity and detailed examinations of engine options for models like the 2011 Toyota Camry and Tacoma