The 1991 GMC Sonoma, a compact pickup truck, replaced the GMC S-15. Produced from 1991 to 2004, it offered a range of body styles including regular and extended cabs with short or long beds. Key trims often included the base model and the sportier GT. Its popularity stemmed from its manageable size, capable performance, and the GMC reputation for toughness. Pricing in 1991 ranged from approximately $11,000 to $18,000 depending on configuration.
The Good
The 1991 Sonoma boasts a reputation for solid reliability and robust performance, especially with its V6 engine options. Its compact size makes it maneuverable, appealing to practical buyers, while its rugged, no-nonsense design and towing capability evoke a sense of dependable utility for emotional connection.
The Bad
Common weaknesses to watch out for in the 1991 Sonoma include potential rust issues, especially around wheel wells and the frame. Electrical gremlins and aging interior components can also be a concern. Transmission issues may arise in higher-mileage examples.
1991 GMC Sonoma: Quick Overview
- Engine Options:
- 2.5-liter inline-4 cylinder
- 4.3-liter V6
- Horsepower:
- 2.5L I4: Approximately 120-130 hp
- 4.3L V6: Approximately 160-170 hp
- Fuel Economy (EPA Estimated):
- 2.5L I4 (2WD): Around 20-22 MPG city / 25-28 MPG highway
- 4.3L V6 (2WD): Around 18-20 MPG city / 23-26 MPG highway
- (Note: 4WD and automatic transmissions would slightly reduce these figures)
- 0-60 Times:
- 2.5L I4: Approximately 11-13 seconds
- 4.3L V6: Approximately 8-10 seconds
- Towing Capacity:
- Varies significantly based on engine, drivetrain (2WD/4WD), and axle ratio. Generally ranged from around 1,500 lbs to over 5,000 lbs for properly equipped models. Consult owner's manual or VIN decoder for specific ratings.
- Trim-Level Features (Common):
- Base Model: Typically featured a more utilitarian focus with vinyl flooring, manual windows and locks, and fewer amenities.
- GT Trim (if applicable to 1991, though more prominent in later years): Often included sportier styling cues, upgraded interior materials, and potentially performance enhancements.
- Standard Features (across many trims): Power steering, intermittent wipers, AM/FM radio, dual manual mirrors.
- Optional Features: Air conditioning, power windows/locks, upgraded sound systems, cruise control, tilt steering wheel, limited-slip differential, anti-lock brakes (rear-only on many).
1991 GMC Sonoma Specifications
Vehicle Information
| Year | 1991 |
| Make | GMC |
| Model | Sonoma |
| Trim | - |
| Style | Regular Cab Long Bed 2WD |
| Type | Pickup Truck |
| Category | Small Pickup Truck |
Manufacturing Details
| Made In | United States |
| Manufacturing City | SHREVEPORT |
Dimensions
| Doors | 2-Door |
| Curb Weight | 2763 pounds |
| Gross Vehicle Weight Rating | 4600 pounds |
| Overall Height | 61.60 inches |
| Overall Length | 194.20 inches |
| Overall Width | 64.70 inches |
| Wheelbase Length | 117.90 inches |
| Standard Seating | 3 |
Engine & Performance
| Engine | 4.3-L V-6 OHV 12V |
| Engine Size | 4.3L |
| Engine Cylinders | 6 |
| Transmission | 4-Speed Automatic |
| Transmission Type | Automatic |
| Transmission Speeds | 4-Speed |
| Drivetrain | Rear-Wheel Drive |
Additional Features
| Anti-Brake System | Non-ABS 4-Wheel ABS |
| Steering Type | Recirculating |
Pricing
| Manufacturer Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) | $10,794 |
| Invoice Price | - |
| Delivery Charges | - |
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What Problems Does the 1991 GMC Sonoma Have?
The 1991 GMC Sonoma, being part of the GMT400 platform, shares many common issues with its Chevrolet S-10 counterparts. One of the most prevalent concerns across these model years is rust. The body, particularly around the rocker panels, cab corners, wheel wells, and the frame itself, is susceptible to significant corrosion, especially in areas exposed to road salt. Inspecting these areas thoroughly is crucial for any potential buyer.
Another frequently reported area of concern is the ignition system. Issues with the ignition module, distributor, or crank position sensor could lead to stalling or no-start conditions. Fuel pump failures are also not uncommon as these trucks age.
The automatic transmissions, particularly the 700R4 (or 4L60), can develop issues if not properly maintained. Fluid leaks, delayed shifts, or slipping gears are signs that the transmission may be on its way out or requires a rebuild. The manual transmissions are generally more robust.
Electrical issues can also crop up. Fuses, relays, and wiring harnesses can degrade over time, leading to intermittent problems with lights, gauges, or accessories. The speedometer cable can also break, causing the speedometer to stop working.
While there weren't widespread, model-year-specific catastrophic recalls for the 1991 model, it's always advisable to check the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) database for any recalls that may have been issued for specific components or VINs. Long-term reliability is generally considered good if the truck has been maintained diligently, but age-related wear and tear on various systems is inevitable. Addressing rust proactively and ensuring regular fluid changes are key to extending its lifespan.
Another frequently reported area of concern is the ignition system. Issues with the ignition module, distributor, or crank position sensor could lead to stalling or no-start conditions. Fuel pump failures are also not uncommon as these trucks age.
The automatic transmissions, particularly the 700R4 (or 4L60), can develop issues if not properly maintained. Fluid leaks, delayed shifts, or slipping gears are signs that the transmission may be on its way out or requires a rebuild. The manual transmissions are generally more robust.
Electrical issues can also crop up. Fuses, relays, and wiring harnesses can degrade over time, leading to intermittent problems with lights, gauges, or accessories. The speedometer cable can also break, causing the speedometer to stop working.
While there weren't widespread, model-year-specific catastrophic recalls for the 1991 model, it's always advisable to check the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) database for any recalls that may have been issued for specific components or VINs. Long-term reliability is generally considered good if the truck has been maintained diligently, but age-related wear and tear on various systems is inevitable. Addressing rust proactively and ensuring regular fluid changes are key to extending its lifespan.
How long will the 1991 GMC Sonoma last?
With proper and consistent maintenance, a 1991 GMC Sonoma can realistically reach and exceed 200,000 to 250,000 miles, with some even surpassing 300,000 miles. The V6 engine, in particular, is known for its durability. Long-term durability is heavily influenced by how well the vehicle has been cared for, especially in terms of rust prevention and regular fluid changes for the engine and transmission. Weaknesses that manifest over time often relate to age-induced wear, such as suspension components, exhaust systems, and aging electrical parts. However, the core mechanical components are generally robust, making it a vehicle with good potential for longevity if managed well.
What Technology & Safety Features are Included?
The 1991 GMC Sonoma, as a truck from its era, offers a relatively simple technological and safety suite compared to modern vehicles. Built-in tech was primarily focused on basic functionality.
Entertainment: Standard entertainment typically consisted of an AM/FM radio, often with a cassette player. Higher trim levels or optional packages might have included upgraded speaker systems. Digital displays were minimal, with analog gauges dominating the dashboard.
Driver-Assistance Features: Driver-assistance features were virtually non-existent in the modern sense. Power steering was common, and cruise control was an available option on many models. Anti-lock brakes (ABS) were typically rear-wheel only and often an optional feature, not standard across all trims.
Safety Features: Standard safety features included seatbelts and crumple zones designed into the vehicle's structure. Side-impact beams in the doors were also standard for the time. Airbags were not standard in 1991 for most light trucks, including the Sonoma; this was a feature that began to be introduced in later years. Some models may have offered a driver-side airbag as an option.
Optional Features: Beyond cruise control and ABS, optional features could include air conditioning, power windows, and power door locks on higher trim levels. Towing packages with enhanced cooling and trailer wiring were also available.
Crash-Test Ratings: Comprehensive crash-test data for vehicles from 1991, particularly for specific truck models like the Sonoma, is not as readily available or as standardized as it is today. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) began to conduct more rigorous testing later. Anecdotal evidence and the design of the truck suggest it would likely perform adequately in low-speed impacts but would offer less protection in severe frontal or side collisions compared to contemporary or modern vehicles due to the lack of advanced safety systems like standard airbags and more sophisticated structural engineering.
Entertainment: Standard entertainment typically consisted of an AM/FM radio, often with a cassette player. Higher trim levels or optional packages might have included upgraded speaker systems. Digital displays were minimal, with analog gauges dominating the dashboard.
Driver-Assistance Features: Driver-assistance features were virtually non-existent in the modern sense. Power steering was common, and cruise control was an available option on many models. Anti-lock brakes (ABS) were typically rear-wheel only and often an optional feature, not standard across all trims.
Safety Features: Standard safety features included seatbelts and crumple zones designed into the vehicle's structure. Side-impact beams in the doors were also standard for the time. Airbags were not standard in 1991 for most light trucks, including the Sonoma; this was a feature that began to be introduced in later years. Some models may have offered a driver-side airbag as an option.
Optional Features: Beyond cruise control and ABS, optional features could include air conditioning, power windows, and power door locks on higher trim levels. Towing packages with enhanced cooling and trailer wiring were also available.
Crash-Test Ratings: Comprehensive crash-test data for vehicles from 1991, particularly for specific truck models like the Sonoma, is not as readily available or as standardized as it is today. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) began to conduct more rigorous testing later. Anecdotal evidence and the design of the truck suggest it would likely perform adequately in low-speed impacts but would offer less protection in severe frontal or side collisions compared to contemporary or modern vehicles due to the lack of advanced safety systems like standard airbags and more sophisticated structural engineering.
What Colors Options are Available?
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1991 GMC Sonoma Prices and Market Value
When new in 1991, the GMC Sonoma's price typically ranged from approximately $11,000 for a base model to around $18,000 for a more equipped extended cab version. As with most pickup trucks of this vintage, the Sonoma has undergone significant depreciation since its release. Current used market prices vary widely based on condition, mileage, trim level, and drivetrain. Well-maintained examples, especially those with the V6 engine and lower mileage, can fetch anywhere from $2,000 to $7,000, with exceptionally clean or rare configurations potentially commanding higher prices. Factors affecting resale value include the presence of rust, overall mechanical health, originality of parts, and whether it's a 2WD or 4WD model. The V6 engine generally holds value better than the 4-cylinder.
1991 GMC Sonoma Cost of Ownership
The 1991 GMC Sonoma is generally considered economical to own. Insurance costs are typically low due to its age and market value. Fuel economy, especially with the 4-cylinder engine or the efficient V6, is reasonable for a truck. Maintenance costs are usually manageable, with parts being readily available and affordable. Repairs are also generally straightforward and less expensive than for more complex modern vehicles. Long-term ownership costs are low, assuming no major mechanical failures. It's a cost-effective choice for those seeking basic truck utility without a high ongoing expense.
1991 GMC Sonoma Fuel Efficiency
Fuel Type
Gasoline
Fuel Capacity
20.00 gallons
City Mileage
21 miles/gallon
Highway Mileage
28 miles/gallon
1991 GMC Sonoma Safety Rating
NHTSA
IIHS
1991 GMC Sonoma Warranty
Basic
Original warranty
0 months / No data
Estimated remaining
Expired
Powertrain
Original warranty
0 months / No data
Estimated remaining
Expired
Rust
Original warranty
0 months / No data
Estimated remaining
Expired
1991 GMC Sonoma Insurance
Insurance for a 1991 GMC Sonoma is moderately priced, reflecting its status as a Pickup Truck with strong safety ratings and
reasonable repair costs.
reasonable repair costs.
How Does the 1991 GMC Sonoma Compare to Other Pickup Truck?
The 1991 GMC Sonoma competed in the compact pickup truck segment primarily against the Chevrolet S-10 (its corporate sibling), Ford Ranger, and Toyota Tacoma (though the Tacoma's significant redesign came later).
Performance: The Sonoma's 4.3L V6 offered competitive horsepower and torque, often outperforming the base engines of rivals. The 4-cylinder was adequate but less potent. The Ford Ranger offered a similar range of engines, with some higher-performance options in later years. The Toyota Tacoma, known for its reliability, often lagged slightly in raw power from its base engines.
Features: In 1991, features were relatively basic across the board. The Sonoma offered standard amenities comparable to the S-10 and Ranger. The Tacoma, while perhaps simpler in some regards, often prioritized durable construction.
Reliability: The Sonoma generally possessed good reliability, especially the V6 engine. However, rust was a common enemy, similar to many vehicles of its era, including the Ranger. The Toyota Tacoma consistently holds the crown for long-term reliability, with fewer major mechanical issues reported over time.
Price: The Sonoma was competitively priced against its domestic rivals. Used prices reflect this, with Sonomas often being more affordable than comparable Tacomas, especially those in good condition.
Alternatives:
For those prioritizing a balance of capability, V6 power, and affordability, the 1991 Sonoma remains a solid contender, especially if rust is not a significant issue. The Ranger is a close second, while the Tacoma is the benchmark for pure durability.
Performance: The Sonoma's 4.3L V6 offered competitive horsepower and torque, often outperforming the base engines of rivals. The 4-cylinder was adequate but less potent. The Ford Ranger offered a similar range of engines, with some higher-performance options in later years. The Toyota Tacoma, known for its reliability, often lagged slightly in raw power from its base engines.
Features: In 1991, features were relatively basic across the board. The Sonoma offered standard amenities comparable to the S-10 and Ranger. The Tacoma, while perhaps simpler in some regards, often prioritized durable construction.
Reliability: The Sonoma generally possessed good reliability, especially the V6 engine. However, rust was a common enemy, similar to many vehicles of its era, including the Ranger. The Toyota Tacoma consistently holds the crown for long-term reliability, with fewer major mechanical issues reported over time.
Price: The Sonoma was competitively priced against its domestic rivals. Used prices reflect this, with Sonomas often being more affordable than comparable Tacomas, especially those in good condition.
Alternatives:
- Chevrolet S-10: Essentially the same truck with different badging. Often slightly cheaper on the used market.
- Ford Ranger: A strong competitor with robust build quality and a good reputation. Later models offered more powerful engine options.
- Toyota Tacoma: If ultimate reliability and longevity are paramount, the Tacoma is the superior choice, though it may come at a higher used price and potentially less potent base engines in this vintage.
For those prioritizing a balance of capability, V6 power, and affordability, the 1991 Sonoma remains a solid contender, especially if rust is not a significant issue. The Ranger is a close second, while the Tacoma is the benchmark for pure durability.
Final Verdict: Is the 1991 GMC Sonoma a Good Pickup Truck?
The 1991 GMC Sonoma is ideal for individuals seeking a basic, no-frills compact pickup truck for light-duty tasks, occasional hauling, or as a project vehicle. It's a good fit for budget-conscious buyers who value ruggedness and the simplicity of older trucks. It is worth buying, particularly on the used market, but only if inspected thoroughly for rust and mechanical soundness. Focus on models with the 4.3L V6 engine for better performance and reliability. Avoid heavily modified examples unless you're a seasoned mechanic. Buying a well-maintained, low-mileage example that has been kept in a dry climate significantly increases its value proposition. It's not recommended for those seeking modern amenities or advanced safety features.
Drew B
Drew is a seasoned automotive expert and contributor to VinCheck.info. With nearly 15 years of experience as a former Porsche technician, he brings a wealth of hands-on knowledge to his writing. Born in North Carolina, a region renowned for its deep-rooted NASCAR culture, Drew developed a passion for cars early in life, often building and working on vehicles from a young age. At VINCheck, Drew leverages his extensive technical background to provide in-depth analyses of various vehicles. His articles often focus on engine performance, reliability, and maintenance insights, offering readers practical information grounded in real-world experience. Some of his notable contributions include reviews on the Mazda CX-5's longevity and detailed examinations of engine options for models like the 2011 Toyota Camry and Tacoma