The 1981 BMW 5-Series, part of the E28 generation (1981-1988), is a mid-size luxury sedan renowned for blending sportiness with everyday usability. This generation succeeded the E12 and featured refined styling and improved engineering. Key trims included the 528e, 524td (diesel), and the performance-oriented 535i. Its enduring popularity stems from its excellent driving dynamics, robust build quality, and sophisticated yet understated design, making it a classic choice for enthusiasts.
The Good
The 1981 BMW 5-Series excels with its engaging driving experience, offering a rewarding connection to the road that appeals to driving enthusiasts. Its solid build quality and durable engineering provide practical reliability, while the comfortable interior and timeless design offer everyday sophistication and lasting value.
The Bad
Potential buyers of a 1981 BMW 5-Series should be aware of rust, particularly in the wheel arches, rocker panels, and around the windows. Electrical gremlins, aging rubber components (like suspension bushings and hoses), and potential head gasket issues on some models are also common concerns that require careful inspection.
1981 BMW 5-Series: Quick Overview
- Engine Options: The 1981 BMW 5-Series offered a range of inline-six gasoline engines and a diesel option.
- 528e: 2.7-liter M20 inline-six (Eta engine)
- 535i: 3.5-liter M30 inline-six
- 524td: 2.4-liter M21 inline-six turbodiesel
- Horsepower:
- 528e: Approximately 121 hp
- 535i: Approximately 182 hp
- 524td: Approximately 86 hp
- Fuel Economy: Varies significantly by engine and driving style, but generally:
- 528e: Around 18-24 MPG (city/highway)
- 535i: Around 16-21 MPG (city/highway)
- 524td: Around 25-30 MPG (city/highway)
- 0-60 Times:
- 528e: Approximately 10-11 seconds
- 535i: Approximately 7.5-8.5 seconds
- 524td: Approximately 14-16 seconds
- Towing Capacity: Not a primary design consideration for this vehicle, and generally not recommended or specified by BMW for typical passenger car towing.
- Trim-Level Features (General for the E28 generation around 1981):
- Standard: Power steering, independent suspension, four-wheel disc brakes, cloth upholstery, manual windows and locks, basic AM/FM radio.
- Optional/Higher Trims: Air conditioning, power windows and locks, sunroof, leather upholstery, limited-slip differential, upgraded sound systems, alloy wheels, cruise control, fog lights.
- 535i Specific: Often came with sportier suspension tuning, larger brakes, and a more performance-oriented interior.
- 524td Specific: Focused on fuel efficiency and torque, often with standard amenities to offset the lower performance.
1981 BMW 5-Series Specifications
Vehicle Information
| Year | 1981 |
| Make | BMW |
| Model | 5-Series |
| Trim | - |
| Style | Automatic |
| Type | Sedan |
| Category | Compact Car |
Manufacturing Details
| Made In | Germany |
| Manufacturing City | DINGOLFING |
Dimensions
| Doors | 4-Door |
| Curb Weight | - |
| Gross Vehicle Weight Rating | - |
| Overall Height | - |
| Overall Length | - |
| Overall Width | - |
| Wheelbase Length | - |
| Standard Seating | - |
Engine & Performance
| Engine | 2.8L I6 |
| Engine Size | 2.8L |
| Engine Cylinders | 6 |
| Transmission | 4-Speed Automatic |
| Transmission Type | Automatic |
| Transmission Speeds | 4-Speed |
| Drivetrain | Rear-Wheel Drive |
Additional Features
| Anti-Brake System | - |
| Steering Type | - |
Pricing
| Manufacturer Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) | - |
| Invoice Price | - |
| Delivery Charges | - |
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What Problems Does the 1981 BMW 5-Series Have?
The 1981 BMW 5-Series, being a vintage vehicle, comes with its share of common issues, though generally, the E28 generation is known for its robust engineering. One of the most significant long-term concerns is rust. Areas prone to corrosion include the lower body panels, wheel arches, rocker panels, battery tray, and around the windshield and rear window seals. Early inspection for rust is paramount when considering a purchase.
Electrically, these cars can develop gremlins. The instrument cluster, especially the illumination and gauge function, can be temperamental. Wiring harnesses, particularly where they flex, can degrade, leading to intermittent issues with lights, sensors, or engine performance. The Motronic engine management system, while advanced for its time, can be sensitive to failing components like the Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor or the Idle Control Valve (ICV).
Rubber components are another area of wear and tear. Suspension bushings, control arm bushings, and various hoses (coolant, vacuum) tend to perish over time, leading to degraded ride quality, steering vagueness, and potential vacuum leaks that affect engine performance and fuel economy. The cooling system, including the radiator, water pump, and thermostat, requires regular maintenance to prevent overheating, which can lead to more serious engine damage, such as a blown head gasket. This is a known concern, particularly for higher-mileage vehicles.
The transmission, whether manual or automatic, can also show wear. Manual transmissions might develop clutch issues or synchro problems. Automatic transmissions can exhibit harsh shifting or reluctance to engage gears. Differential seals can leak. While there weren't widespread recalls specifically for the 1981 model year that stand out as critical issues for this generation, general maintenance and addressing wear items proactively are key to long-term reliability. Specific issues might vary slightly between early E28 models (which the 1981 falls into) and later ones, but the core concerns regarding rust, electricals, and aging rubber components remain consistent.
Electrically, these cars can develop gremlins. The instrument cluster, especially the illumination and gauge function, can be temperamental. Wiring harnesses, particularly where they flex, can degrade, leading to intermittent issues with lights, sensors, or engine performance. The Motronic engine management system, while advanced for its time, can be sensitive to failing components like the Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor or the Idle Control Valve (ICV).
Rubber components are another area of wear and tear. Suspension bushings, control arm bushings, and various hoses (coolant, vacuum) tend to perish over time, leading to degraded ride quality, steering vagueness, and potential vacuum leaks that affect engine performance and fuel economy. The cooling system, including the radiator, water pump, and thermostat, requires regular maintenance to prevent overheating, which can lead to more serious engine damage, such as a blown head gasket. This is a known concern, particularly for higher-mileage vehicles.
The transmission, whether manual or automatic, can also show wear. Manual transmissions might develop clutch issues or synchro problems. Automatic transmissions can exhibit harsh shifting or reluctance to engage gears. Differential seals can leak. While there weren't widespread recalls specifically for the 1981 model year that stand out as critical issues for this generation, general maintenance and addressing wear items proactively are key to long-term reliability. Specific issues might vary slightly between early E28 models (which the 1981 falls into) and later ones, but the core concerns regarding rust, electricals, and aging rubber components remain consistent.
How long will the 1981 BMW 5-Series last?
With diligent maintenance, a 1981 BMW 5-Series can achieve well over 200,000 miles, and many examples have surpassed 300,000 miles. The long-term durability is a testament to BMW's engineering, particularly the robust inline-six engines. However, the primary weaknesses that affect longevity are rust and neglected maintenance. Cars that have been regularly serviced with quality parts and protected from harsh climates can remain reliable drivers for decades. Conversely, vehicles exposed to road salt, subjected to infrequent oil changes, or ignored during the emergence of minor issues, will exhibit accelerated wear and tear on critical components, leading to premature failure and significantly reduced service life.
What Technology & Safety Features are Included?
The 1981 BMW 5-Series, as a product of its era, offers a more analog and driver-focused technological experience compared to modern vehicles. Built-in tech primarily revolved around the core driving functions.
Entertainment: Standard equipment typically included a basic AM/FM radio, often with a cassette player as an option or on higher trims. Sound systems were functional rather than premium by today's standards. Upgraded stereo systems with more speakers were available as optional extras.
Driver-Assistance Features: This was a nascent category in 1981. Features considered advanced then included power steering for easier maneuverability and cruise control, which was often an optional extra, allowing for relaxed highway driving. Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) was not widely available or standard on this model in 1981; it became more prevalent in later years and on higher-end BMWs.
Safety Features: Standard safety equipment included seatbelts, energy-absorbing steering columns, and crumple zones designed into the vehicle's structure. Four-wheel disc brakes provided effective stopping power for the time. Higher trims and optional packages might have included fog lights for improved visibility. Airbags were not yet a standard or common feature in this segment.
Optional Features: Beyond entertainment upgrades, buyers could often opt for electric sunroofs, power-adjustable mirrors, heated seats (on some luxury-oriented trims), and limited-slip differentials for improved traction.
Crash-Test Ratings: Formal crash-test ratings from agencies like the NHTSA or IIHS in the modern sense were not as comprehensive or standardized in 1981. However, BMW vehicles of this era were generally well-regarded for their structural integrity and occupant protection, reflecting German engineering standards of the time. They were designed with passive safety in mind, relying on the robust chassis and safety cell to protect occupants in the event of a collision.
Entertainment: Standard equipment typically included a basic AM/FM radio, often with a cassette player as an option or on higher trims. Sound systems were functional rather than premium by today's standards. Upgraded stereo systems with more speakers were available as optional extras.
Driver-Assistance Features: This was a nascent category in 1981. Features considered advanced then included power steering for easier maneuverability and cruise control, which was often an optional extra, allowing for relaxed highway driving. Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) was not widely available or standard on this model in 1981; it became more prevalent in later years and on higher-end BMWs.
Safety Features: Standard safety equipment included seatbelts, energy-absorbing steering columns, and crumple zones designed into the vehicle's structure. Four-wheel disc brakes provided effective stopping power for the time. Higher trims and optional packages might have included fog lights for improved visibility. Airbags were not yet a standard or common feature in this segment.
Optional Features: Beyond entertainment upgrades, buyers could often opt for electric sunroofs, power-adjustable mirrors, heated seats (on some luxury-oriented trims), and limited-slip differentials for improved traction.
Crash-Test Ratings: Formal crash-test ratings from agencies like the NHTSA or IIHS in the modern sense were not as comprehensive or standardized in 1981. However, BMW vehicles of this era were generally well-regarded for their structural integrity and occupant protection, reflecting German engineering standards of the time. They were designed with passive safety in mind, relying on the robust chassis and safety cell to protect occupants in the event of a collision.
What Colors Options are Available?
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1981 BMW 5-Series Prices and Market Value
When new in 1981, the BMW 5-Series had a significant price tag, with base models like the 528e starting in the $20,000-$25,000 range, and the more powerful 535i exceeding $30,000. This positioned them as premium vehicles. Today, used prices for the 1981 5-Series vary wildly based on condition, mileage, and trim. Project cars or those needing significant work might be found for a few thousand dollars, while well-maintained, low-mileage examples, especially desirable 535i models, can fetch $8,000-$15,000 or even more. Depreciation was steep in the initial years, as is typical for luxury cars. However, for well-preserved examples, the depreciation curve has flattened considerably, and prices have stabilized or even increased for collectible examples. Factors affecting resale value include originality, maintenance history, rust-free condition, desirable options (like a manual transmission or limited-slip differential), and overall aesthetic appeal.
1981 BMW 5-Series Cost of Ownership
Owning a 1981 BMW 5-Series is generally considered moderately costly, leaning towards the higher side of economical. Insurance can be reasonable for older vehicles, especially for classic car policies if applicable. Fuel economy varies; the 'Eta' 528e is more efficient, while the 535i is thirstier. Maintenance is crucial. While parts are generally available, they can be more expensive than for mainstream brands. Repairs, especially for electrical issues or specialized engine work, can be costly if not handled by knowledgeable mechanics. Overall, it's not an economical daily driver if compared to modern cars, but for enthusiasts who prioritize the driving experience and appreciate classic German engineering, the costs are often seen as worthwhile.
1981 BMW 5-Series Fuel Efficiency
Fuel Type
Gasoline
Fuel Capacity
-
City Mileage
-
Highway Mileage
-
1981 BMW 5-Series Warranty
Basic
Original warranty
0 months / No data
Estimated remaining
Expired
Powertrain
Original warranty
0 months / No data
Estimated remaining
Expired
Rust
Original warranty
0 months / No data
Estimated remaining
Expired
1981 BMW 5-Series Insurance
Insurance for a 1981 BMW 5-Series is moderately priced, reflecting its status as a Sedan with strong safety ratings and
reasonable repair costs.
reasonable repair costs.
How Does the 1981 BMW 5-Series Compare to Other Sedan?
In 1981, the BMW 5-Series (E28) competed against a strong field of luxury and sporty sedans. Key rivals included the Mercedes-Benz W123 E-Class, Audi 5000 (later known as the Audi 100/200), and American offerings like the Cadillac Seville or Lincoln Continental Mark VI.
Performance: The BMW 5-Series, particularly the 535i, often held an edge in performance and driving dynamics over its rivals. Its inline-six engines were known for their smooth power delivery and sporty character. Mercedes tended to prioritize comfort and refinement, while Audi offered a more refined front-wheel-drive platform. American luxury cars were typically focused on smooth ride quality and V8 power, with less emphasis on agile handling.
Features: Features were comparable across the segment, with luxury options like air conditioning, power windows, and upgraded stereos available on most. BMW's approach was often more driver-centric, with ergonomically designed controls. Mercedes offered renowned build quality and understated luxury. Audi was introducing new technologies like Quattro all-wheel-drive on some models later in the generation.
Reliability: While the BMW E28 was generally well-built, its reliability often hinged on diligent maintenance. Mercedes-Benz vehicles from this era were legendary for their durability and longevity, often outlasting competitors with proper care. Audi 5000s had their own set of known issues, particularly in earlier years. American cars could be reliable but often had more complex electrical systems that could be troublesome.
Price: The BMW 5-Series was positioned as a premium offering, often priced similarly to comparable Mercedes-Benz models, and generally higher than the Audi 5000 or most American luxury sedans.
Alternatives:
Similar: The Mercedes-Benz W123 (particularly the 300D diesel) is a strong contender for those prioritizing ultimate durability and a more plush ride. The Audi 5000 (later Audi 100/200) offers a different driving experience with its FWD platform and, later, the option of Quattro.
Consider if prioritizing:
- Ultimate refinement and ride comfort: Mercedes-Benz W123.
- Early adoption of advanced tech/FWD: Audi 5000.
- Classic American luxury feel: Cadillac Seville (though with a different driving dynamic entirely).
Performance: The BMW 5-Series, particularly the 535i, often held an edge in performance and driving dynamics over its rivals. Its inline-six engines were known for their smooth power delivery and sporty character. Mercedes tended to prioritize comfort and refinement, while Audi offered a more refined front-wheel-drive platform. American luxury cars were typically focused on smooth ride quality and V8 power, with less emphasis on agile handling.
Features: Features were comparable across the segment, with luxury options like air conditioning, power windows, and upgraded stereos available on most. BMW's approach was often more driver-centric, with ergonomically designed controls. Mercedes offered renowned build quality and understated luxury. Audi was introducing new technologies like Quattro all-wheel-drive on some models later in the generation.
Reliability: While the BMW E28 was generally well-built, its reliability often hinged on diligent maintenance. Mercedes-Benz vehicles from this era were legendary for their durability and longevity, often outlasting competitors with proper care. Audi 5000s had their own set of known issues, particularly in earlier years. American cars could be reliable but often had more complex electrical systems that could be troublesome.
Price: The BMW 5-Series was positioned as a premium offering, often priced similarly to comparable Mercedes-Benz models, and generally higher than the Audi 5000 or most American luxury sedans.
Alternatives:
Similar: The Mercedes-Benz W123 (particularly the 300D diesel) is a strong contender for those prioritizing ultimate durability and a more plush ride. The Audi 5000 (later Audi 100/200) offers a different driving experience with its FWD platform and, later, the option of Quattro.
Consider if prioritizing:
- Ultimate refinement and ride comfort: Mercedes-Benz W123.
- Early adoption of advanced tech/FWD: Audi 5000.
- Classic American luxury feel: Cadillac Seville (though with a different driving dynamic entirely).
Final Verdict: Is the 1981 BMW 5-Series a Good Sedan?
The 1981 BMW 5-Series is ideal for the automotive enthusiast who appreciates classic driving dynamics, sophisticated European design, and a connection to the road. It's worth buying for those who understand the responsibilities of owning a vintage vehicle – specifically, a willingness to perform regular maintenance and address potential age-related issues. This car is best purchased as a well-maintained used example, preferably from a climate that minimizes rust. The 535i trim offers the most engaging performance, while the 528e provides a more economical and comfortable experience. It's not suited for someone seeking a low-maintenance, appliance-like daily driver, but rather for a second car or a weekend classic that rewards its owner with a rewarding driving experience and timeless style.
Simon A
Simon is a contributor to VinCheck, where he provides articles and reviews on various automotive topics. His work focuses on delivering accurate and up-to-date information about used cars, helping readers make informed decisions.